The Wassenaar Arrangement - Dual-Use and Munitions Lists - July 1996
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Note Terms in "quotations" are defined terms. Refer to 'Definition of Terms used in these Lists' annexed to this List.
GENERAL TECHNOLOGY NOTE
The export of "technology" which is "required" for the "development", "production" or "use" of items controlled in the Munitions List is controlled according to the provisions in the Munitions List entries. This "technology" remains under control even when applicable to any uncontrolled item.
Controls do not apply to that "technology" which is the minimum necessary for the installation, operation, maintenance (checking) and repair of those items which are not controlled or whose export has been authorised.
Controls do not apply to "technology" "in the public domain", to "basic scientific research" or to the minimum necessary information for patent applications.
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* France and the Russian Federation view this list as a reference list drawn up to help in the selection of dual-use goods which could contribute to the indigenous development, production or enhancement of conventional munitions capabilities.
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ML1.* Arms and automatic weapons with a calibre of 12.7 mm (calibre 0.50 inches) or less and accessories, as follows, and specially designed components therefor:
a. Rifles, carbines, revolvers, pistols, machine pistols and machine guns:Note ML1.a. does not control the following:1. Muskets, rifles and carbines manufactured earlier than 1938;
2. Reproductions of muskets, rifles and carbines the originals of which were manufactured earlier than 1890;
3. Revolvers, pistols and machine guns manufactured earlier than 1890, and their reproductions;
b. Smooth-bore weapons specially designed for military use;
c. Weapons using caseless ammunition;
d. Silencers, special gun-mountings, clips and flash suppressers for arms controlled by sub-items ML1.a., ML1.b. or ML1.c.
Technical Note
Smooth-bore weapons specially designed for military use as specified in ML1.b. are those which:
a. Are proof tested at pressures above 1,300 bars;b. Operate normally and safely at pressures above 1,000 bars; and
c. Are capable of accepting ammunition above 76.2 mm in length (e.g., commercial 12-gauge magnum shot gun shells).
The parameters in this Technical Note are to be measured according to the standards of the Commission Internationale Permanente.
Note 1 ML1. does not control smooth-bore weapons used for hunting or sporting purposes. These weapons must not be specially designed for military use or of the fully automatic firing type.
Note 2 ML1. does not control firearms specially designed for dummy ammunition and which are incapable of firing any controlled ammunition.
Note 3 ML1. does not control weapons using non-centre fire cased ammunition and which are not of the fully automatic firing type.
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* Italy does not agree to control the following small arms with a calibre of 12.7 mm (calibre 0.50 inches) or less in the Munitions List: revolvers, non automatic pistols and rifles; shot guns not specially designed for military purposes.
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ML2. Armament or weapons with a calibre greater than 12.7 mm (calibre 0.50 inches), projectors and accessories, as follows, and specially designed components therefor:
a. Guns, howitzers, cannon, mortars, anti-tank weapons, projectile launchers, military flame throwers, recoilless rifles and signature reduction devices therefor;Note ML2.a. includes injectors, metering devices, storage tanks and other specially designed components for use with liquid propelling charges for any of the equipment controlled by ML 2.a..b. Military smoke, gas and pyrotechnic projectors or generators.
Note ML 2.b. does not control signal pistols.
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ML3. Ammunition, and specially designed components therefor, for the weapons controlled by ML1., ML2. or ML12.
Note 1 Specially designed components include:a. Metal or plastic fabrications such as primer anvils, bullet cups, cartridge links, rotating bands and munitions metal parts;b. Safing and arming devices, fuses, sensors and initiation devices ;
c. Power supplies with high one-time operational output;
d. Combustible cases for charges;
e. Submunitions including bomblets, minelets and terminally guided projectiles.
Note 2 ML3. does not control ammunition crimped without a projectile (blank star) and dummy ammunition with a pierced powder chamber.
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ML4. Bombs, torpedoes, rockets, missiles, and related equipment and accessories, as follows, specially designed for military use, and specially designed components therefor:
a. Bombs, torpedoes, grenades, smoke canisters, rockets, mines, missiles, depth charges, demolition-charges, demolition-devices and demolition-kits, "military pyrotechnics", cartridges and simulators (i.e. equipment simulating the characteristics of any of these items);Note ML4.a. includes:
1. Smoke grenades, fire bombs, incendiary bombs and explosive devices;2. Missile rocket nozzles and re-entry vehicle nosetips.
b. Equipment specially designed for the handling, control, activation, powering with one-time operational output, launching, laying, sweeping, discharging, decoying, jamming, detonation or detection of items controlled by ML4.a.
Note ML 4.b. includes:
1. Mobile gas liquefying equipment capable of producing 1,000 kg or more per day of gas in liquid form;2. Buoyant electric conducting cable suitable for sweeping magnetic mines.
Note ML4.b. does not include detonators or other equipment for the detonation of non-military explosives covered by ML908, For these, see ML909.
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ML5. Fire control, and related alerting and warning equipment, and related systems and countermeasure equipment, as follows, specially designed for military use, and specially designed components and accessories therefor:
a. Weapon sights, bombing computers, gun laying equipment and weapon control systems;b. Target acquisition, designation, range-finding, surveillance or tracking systems; detection, data fusion, recognition or identification equipment; and sensor integration equipment;
c. Countermeasure equipment for items controlled by ML5.a. and ML5.b.
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ML6. Ground vehicles and components therefor specially designed or modified for military use.
Technical NoteFor the purposes of ML6. the term ground vehicles includes trailers.
Note 1 ML6. includes:
a. Tanks and other military armed vehicles and military vehicles fitted with mountings for arms or equipment for mine laying or the launching of munitions controlled under ML4;b. Armoured vehicles;
c. Amphibious and deep water fording vehicles;
d. Recovery vehicles and vehicles for towing or transporting ammunition or weapon systems and associated load handling equipment.
Note 2 Modification of a ground vehicle for military use entails a structural, electrical or mechanical change involving one or more specially designed military components. Such components include:
a. Pneumatic tyre casings of a kind specially designed to be bullet-proof or to run when deflated;b. Tyre inflation pressure control systems, operated from inside a moving vehicle;
c. Armoured protection of vital parts, (e.g., fuel tanks or vehicle cabs);
d. Special reinforcements for mountings for weapons.
Note 3 ML6. does not control civil automobiles or bank trucks having armoured protection.
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ML7. Toxicological agents, "tear gases", related equipment, components, materials and "technology" as follows:
Note The CAS numbers are shown as examples. They do not cover all the chemicals and mixtures controlled by ML7.
a. Biological agents and radioactive materials "adapted for use in war" to produce casualties in humans or animals, degrade equipment or damage crops or the environment, and chemical warfare (CW) agents;b. CW binary precursors and key precursors, as follows:
1. Alkyl (Methyl, Ethyl, n-Propyl or Isopropyl Phosphonyl Difluorides, such as: DF: Methyl Phosphonyldifluoride (CAS 676-99-3);2. O-Alkyl (H or equal to or less than C10, including cycloalkyl) O-2-dialkyl (Methyl, Ethyl, n-Propyl or Isopropyl) aminoethyl alkyl (Methyl, Ethyl, n-Propyl or Isopropyl) phosphonite and corresponding alkylated and protonated salts, such as:
QL: O-Ethyl-2-di-isopropylaminoethyl methylphosphonite (CAS 57856-11-8);3. Chlorosarin: O-Isopropyl methylphosphonochloridate (CAS 1445-76-7);
4. Chlorosoman: O-Pinakolyl methylphosphonochloridate (CAS 7040-57-5);
c. "Tear gases" and "riot control agents" including:
1. Bromobenzyl cyanide (CA) (CAS 5798-79-8);2. o-Chlorobenzylidenemalononitrile (o-Chlorobenzalmalononitrile) (CS) (CAS 2698-41-1);
3. Phenylacyl chloride (w-chloroacetophenone) (CN) (CAS 532-27-4);
4. Dibenz-(b,f)-1,4-oxazephine (CR) (CAS 257-07-8);
d. Equipment specially designed or modified for the dissemination of the materials or agents controlled by ML7.a. and specially designed components therefor;
e. Equipment specially designed for defence against materials controlled by ML7.a. and specially designed components therefor;
Note ML7.e. includes protective clothing.f. Equipment specially designed for the detection or identification of materials controlled by ML7.a. and specially designed components therefor;
Note ML7.f. does not control personal radiation monitoring dosimeters.N.B. For civil gas masks and protective equipment see also entry 1.A.4. on the dual-Use List.
g. "Biopolymers" specially designed or processed for the detection or identification of CW agents controlled by ML7.a., and the cultures of specific cells used to produce them;
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ML7.
h. "Biocatalysts" for the decontamination or degradation of CW agents, and biological systems therefor, as follows:
1. "Biocatalysts" specially designed for the decontamination or degradation of CW agents controlled by ML7.a. resulting from directed laboratory selection or genetic manipulation of biological systems;2. Biological systems, as follows: "expression vectors", viruses or cultures of cells containing the genetic information specific to the production of "biocatalysts" controlled by ML7.h.1.;
i. "Technology" as follows:
1. "Technology" for the "development", "production" or " use" of toxicological agents, related equipment or components controlled by ML7.a. to ML7.f.;2. "Technology" for the "development", "production" or "use" of "biopolymers" or cultures of specific cells controlled by ML7.g.;
3. "Technology" exclusively for the incorporation of "biocatalysts", controlled by ML7.h.1., into military carrier substances or military material.
Note 1 ML7.a. includes the following
a. CW nerve agents:1. O-Alkyl (equal to or less than C10, including cycloalkyl) alkyl (Methyl, Ethyl, n-Propyl or Isopropyl) - phosphonofluoridates, such as:Sarin (GB):O-Isopropyl methylphosphonofluoridate (CAS 107-44-8); andSoman (GD):O-Pinacolyl methylphosphonofluoridate (CAS 96-64-0);
2. O-Alkyl (equal to or less than C10, including cycloalkyl) N,N-dialkyl (Methyl, Ethyl, n-Propyl or Isopropyl) phosphoramidocyanidates, such as:
Tabun (GA):O-Ethyl N,N-dimethylphosphoramidocyanidate (CAS 77-81-6);3. O-Alkyl (H or equal to or less than C10, including cycloalkyl) S-2-dialkyl (Methyl, Ethyl, n-Propyl or Isopropyl)-aminoethyl alkyl (Methyl, Ethyl, n-Propyl or Isopropyl) phosphonothiolates and corresponding alkylated and protonated salts, such as:
VX: O-Ethyl S-2-diisopropylaminoethyl methyl phosphonothiolate (CAS 50782-69-9);b. CW vesicant agents
1. Sulphur mustards, such as:2-Chloroethylchloromethylsulphide (CAS 2625-76-5);Bis(2-chloroethyl) sulphide (CAS 505-60-2);
Bis(2-chloroethylthio) methane (CAS 63869-13-6);
1,2-bis (2-chloroethylthio) ethane (CAS 3563-36-8);
1,3-bis (2-chloroethylthio) -n-propane (CAS 63905-10-2);
1,4-bis (2-chloroethylthio) -n-butane (CAS 142868-93-7)
1,5-bis (2-chloroethylthio) -n-pentane; (CAS 142868-94-8)
Bis (2-chloroethylthiomethyl) ether; (CAS 63918-90-1)
Bis (2-chloroethylthioethyl) ether (CAS 63918-89-8);
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2. Lewisites, such as:2-chlorovinyldichloroarsine (CAS 541-25-3);Tris (2-chlorovinyl) arsine (CAS 40334-70-1);
Bis (2-chlorovinyl) chloroarsine (CAS 40334-69-8);
3. Nitrogen mustards, such as:
HN1: bis (2-chloroethyl) ethylamine (CAS 538-07-8);HN2: bis (2-chloroethyl) methylamine (CAS 51-75-2);
HN3: tris (2-chloroethyl) amine (CAS 555-77-1);
c. CW incapacitating agents such as:
3-Quinuclindinyl benzilate (BZ) (CAS 6581-06-2);d. CW defoliants such as:
1. Butyl 2-chloro-4-fluorophenoxyacetate (LNF);2. 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid mixed with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (Agent Orange).
Note 2 ML 7.e. includes air conditioning units specially designed or modified for nuclear, biological or chemical filtration.
Note 3 ML7.a. and ML7.c. do not control:
a. Cyanogen chloride (SEE ITEM 1C450a.4);b. Hydrocyanic acid (SEE ITEM 1C450a.5);
c. Chlorine;
d. Carbonyl chloride (phosgene) (SEE ITEM 1C450a.7);
e. Diphosgene (trichloromethyl-chloroformate);
f. Ethyl bromoacetate;
g. Xylyl bromide;
h. Benzyl bromide;
i. Benzyl iodide;
j. Bromo acetone;
k. Cyanogen bromide;
l. Bromo methylethylketone;
m. Chloro acetone;
n. Ethyl iodoacetate;
o. Iodo acetone;
p. Chloropicrin
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Note 4 The "technology", cultures of cells and biological systems listed in ML7.g., ML7.h.2. and ML7.i.3. are exclusive and these sub-items do not control "technology", cells or biological systems for civil purposes, such as agricultural, pharmaceutical, medical, veterinary, environmental, waste management, or in the food industry.
Note 5 ML 7.c. does not control tear gases or riot control agents individually packaged for personal self defence purposes.
Note 6 ML 7.d., ML7.e. and ML7.f. control equipment specially designed or modified for military purposes.
N.B. See also entry 1.A.4. on the Dual-Use list.
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ML 8. "Military explosives" and fuels, including propellants, and related substances, as follows:
a. Substances, as follows, and mixtures thereof:1. Spherical aluminium powder (CAS 7429-90-5) with a particle size of 60 µm or less, manufactured from material with an aluminium content of 99% or more;2. Metal fuels in particle form whether spherical, atomized, spheroidal, flaked or ground, manufactured from material consisting of 99 % or more of any of the following:
a. Metals and mixtures thereof:
1. Beryllium (CAS 7440-41-7) in particle sizes of less than 60 µm;2. Iron powder (CAS 7439-89-6) with particle size of 3 µm or less produced by reduction of iron oxide with hydrogen;
2. b. Mixtures, which contain any of the following:
1. Zirconium (CAS 7440-67-7), magnesium (CAS 7439-95-4) and alloys of these in particle sizes of less than 60 µm;2. Boron (CAS 7440-42-8) or boron carbide (CAS 12069-32-8) fuels of 85% purity or higher and particle sizes of less than 60 µm;
3. Perchlorates, chlorates and chromates composited with powdered metal or other high energy fuel components;
4. Nitroguanidine (NQ) (CAS 556-88-7);
5. Compounds composed of fluorine and any of the following: other halogens, oxygen, nitrogen;
6. Carboranes; decaborane(CAS 17702-41-9); pentaborane and derivatives thereof;
7. Cyclotetramethylenetetranitramine (CAS 2691-41-0) (HMX); octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazine; 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetraza-cyclooctane; (octogen, octogene);
8. Hexanitrostilbene (HNS) (CAS 20062-22-0);
9. Diaminotrinitrobenzene (DATB) (CAS 1630-08-6);
10. Triaminotrinitrobenzene (TATB) (CAS 3058-38-6);
11. Triaminoguanidinenitrate (TAGN) (CAS 4000-16-2);
12. Titanium subhydride of stoichiometry TiH 0.65-1.68;
13. Dinitroglycoluril (DNGU, DINGU) (CAS 55510-04-8); tetranitroglycoluril (TNGU, SORGUYL) (CAS 55510-03-7);
14. Tetranitrobenzotriazolobenzotriazole (TACOT) (CAS 25243-36-1);
15. Diaminohexanitrobiphenyl (DIPAM) (CAS 17215-44-0);
16. Picrylaminodinitropyridine (PYX) (CAS 38082-89-2);
17. 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO or ONTA) (CAS 932-64-9);
18. Hydrazine (CAS 302-01-2) in concentrations of 70% or more; hydrazine nitrate (CAS 37836-27-4); hydrazine perchlorate (CAS 27978-54-7); unsymmetrical dimethyl hydrazine (CAS 57-14-7); monomethyl (CAS 60-34-4) hydrazine; symmetrical dimethyl hydrazine (CAS 540-73-8);
19. Ammonium perchlorate (CAS 7790-98-9);
20. Cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX) (CAS 121-82-4) ; cyclonite; T4; hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine; 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triaza-cyclohexane (hexogen, hexogene);
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ML 8.a.
21. Hydroxylammonium nitrate (HAN) (CAS 13465-08-2); hydroxylammonium perchlorate (HAP) (CAS 15588-62-2);22. 2-(5-cyanotetrazolato) penta amine-cobalt (III) perchlorate (or CP) (CAS 70247-32-4);
23. cis-bis (5-nitrotetrazolato) tetra amine-cobalt (III) perchlorate (or BNCP);
24. 7-Amino-4,6-dinitrobenzofurazane-1-oxide (ADNBF) (CAS 97096-78-1); amino dinitrobenzofuroxan;
25. 5,7-diamino-4,6-dinitrobenzofurazane-1-oxide (CAS 117907-74-1), (CL-14 or diamino dinitrobenzofuroxan);
26. 2,4,6-trinitro-2,4,6-triazacyclohexanone (K-6 or Keto-RDX) (CAS 115029-35-1);
27. 2,4,6,8-tetranitro-2,4,6,8-tetraazabicyclo [3,3,0]-octanone-3 (CAS 130256-72-3) (tetranitrosemiglycouril, K-55 or keto-bicyclic HMX);
28. 1,1,3-trinitroazetidine (TNAZ) (CAS 97645-24-4);
29. 1,4,5,8-tetranitro-1,4,5,8-tetraazadecalin (TNAD)
(CAS 135877-16-6);
30. Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CAS 135285-90-4) (CL-20 or HNIW); and chlathrates of CL-20;
31. Polynitrocubanes with more than four nitro groups;
32. Ammonium dinitramide (ADN or SR 12) (CAS 140456-78-6);
33. Trinitrophenylmethylnitramine (tetryl) (CAS 479-45-8);
b. Explosives and propellants that meet the following performance parameters:
1. Any explosive with a detonation velocity exceeding 8,700 m/s or a detonation pressure exceeding 34 GPa (340 kbar);2. Other organic explosives not listed in ML8. yielding detonation pressures of 25 GPa (250 kbar) or more that will remain stable at temperatures of 523 K (250°C) or higher for periods of 5 minutes or longer;
3. Any other United Nations (UN) Class 1.1 solid propellant not listed in ML8. with a theoretical specific impulse (under standard conditions) of more than 250 s for non-metallised, or more than 270 s for aluminised compositions;
4. Any UN Class 1.3 solid propellant with a theoretical specific impulse of more than 230 s for non-halogenised, 250 s for non-metallised and 266 s for metallised compositions;
5. Any other gun propellants not listed in ML8. having a force constant of more than 1,200 kJ/kg;
6. Any other explosive, propellant or pyrotechnic not listed in ML8. that can sustain a steady-state burning rate of more than 38 mm/s under standard conditions of 6.89 MPa (68.9 bar) pressure and 294 K (21°C); or
7. Elastomer modified cast double based propellants (EMCDB) with extensibility at maximum stress of more than 5% at 233 K (-40°C);
c. "Military pyrotechnics";
d. Other substances, as follows:
1. Aircraft fuels specially formulated for military purposes;
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ML8.d.
2. Military materials containing thickeners for hydrocarbon fuels specially formulated for use in flamethrowers or incendiary munitions, such as metal stearates or palmates (also known as octal) (CAS 637-12-7) and M1, M2, M3 thickeners;3. Liquid oxidisers comprised of or containing inhibited red fuming nitric acid (IRFNA) (CAS 8007-58-7) or oxygen difluoride;
e. "Additives" and "precursors", as follows:
1. Azidomethylmethyloxetane (AMMO) and its polymers;2. Basic copper salicylate (CAS 62320-94-9); lead salicylate (CAS 15748-73-9);
3. Bis(2,2-dinitropropyl) formal (CAS 5917-61-3) or
Bis(2,2-dinitropropyl) acetal (CAS 5108-69-0);4. Bis-(2-fluoro-2,2-dinitroethyl) formal (FEFO) (CAS 17003-79-1);
5. Bis-(2-hydroxyethyl) glycolamide (BHEGA) (CAS 17409-41-5);
6. Bis(2-methyl aziridinyl) methylamino phosphine oxide (Methyl BAPO) (CAS 85068-72-0);
7. Bisazidomethyloxetane and its polymers (CAS 17607-20-4);
8. Bischloromethyloxetane (BCMO) (CAS 142173-26-0);
9. Butadienenitrileoxide (BNO);
10. Butanetrioltrinitrate (BTTN) (CAS 6659-60-5);
11. Catocene (CAS 37206-42-1) (2,2-Bis-ethylferrocenyl propane); ferrocene carboxylic acids; N-butyl-ferrocene (CAS 319904-29-7); Butacene (CAS 125856-62-4) and other adducted polymer ferrocene derivatives;
12. Dinitroazetidine-t-butyl salt;
13. Energetic monomers, plasticisers and polymers containing nitro, azido, nitrate, nitraza or difluoroamino groups;
14. Poly-2,2,3,3,4,4-hexafluoropentane-1,5-diol formal (FPF-1);
15. Poly-2,4,4,5,5,6,6-heptafluoro-2-tri-fluoromethyl-3-oxaheptane-
1,7-diol formal (FPF-3);
16. Glycidylazide Polymer (GAP) (CAS 143178-24-9) and its derivatives;
17. Hexabenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane (HBIW) (CAS 124782-15-6);
18. Hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) with a hydroxyl functionality equal to or greater than 2.2 and less than or equal to 2.4, a hydroxyl value of less than 0.77 meq/g, and a viscosity at 30C of less than 47 poise (CAS 69102-90-5);
19. Superfine iron oxide (Fe203 hematite) with a specific surface area more than 250 m2/g and an average particle size of 0.003 m or less (CAS 1309-37-1);
20. Lead beta-resorcylate (CAS 20936-32-7);
21. Lead stannate (CAS 12036-31-6), lead maleate (CAS 19136-34-6), lead citrate (CAS 14450-60-3);
22. Lead-copper chelates of beta-resorcylate or salicylates (CAS 68411-07-4);
23. Nitratomethylmethyloxetane or poly (3-Nitratomethyl, 3-methyl oxetane); (Poly-NIMMO) (NMMO) (CAS 84051-81-0);
24. 3-Nitraza-1,5-pentane diisocyanate (CAS 7406-61-9);
25. N-Methyl-p-Nitroaniline (CAS 100-15-2);
26. Organo-metallic coupling agents, specifically:
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ML 8.e.26.
a. Neopentyl [diallyl] oxy, tri [dioctyl] phosphato titanate (CAS 103850-22-2); also known as titanium IV, 2,2[bis 2-propenolato-methyl, butanolato, tris (dioctyl) phosphato] (CAS 110438-25-0); or LICA 12 (CAS 103850-22-2);b. Titanium IV, [(2-propenolato-1) methyl, n-propanolatomethyl] butanolato-1, tris[dioctyl]pyrophosphate; or KR3538;
c. Titanium IV, [(2-propenolato-1)methyl, n-propanolatomethyl] butanolato-1, tris(dioctyl)phosphate;
27. Polycyanodifluoroaminoethyleneoxide (PCDE);
28. Polyfunctional aziridine amides with isophthalic, trimesic (BITA or butylene imine trimesamide), isocyanuric or trimethyladipic backbone structures and 2-methyl or 2-ethyl substitutions on the aziridine ring;
29. Polyglycidylnitrate or poly (nitratomethyl oxirane); (Poly-GLYN) (PGN) (CAS 27814-48-8);
30. Polynitroorthocarbonates;
31. Propyleneimine, 2-methylaziridine (CAS 75-55-8);
32. Tetraacetyldibenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane (TAIW);
33. Tetraethylenepentaamineacrylonitrile (TEPAN) (CAS 68412-45-3); cyanoethylated polyamine and its salts;
34. Tetraethylenepentaamineacrylonitrileglycidol (TEPANOL) (CAS 68412-46-4); cyanoethylated polyamine adducted with glycidol and its salts;
35. Triphenyl bismuth (TPB) (CAS 603-33-8);
36. Tris-1-(2-methyl)aziridinyl phosphine oxide (MAPO) (CAS 57-39-6); bis(2-methyl aziridinyl) 2-(2-hydroxypropanoxy) propylamino phosphine oxide (BOBBA 8); and other MAPO derivatives;
37. 1,2,3-Tris[1,2-bis(difluoroamino)ethoxy] propane (CAS 53159-39-0); tris vinoxy propane adduct (TVOPA);
38. 1,3,5-trichlorobenzene (CAS 108-70-3);
39. 1,2,4 trihydroxybutane (1,2,4-butanetriol);
40. 1,3,5,7 tetraacetyl-1,3,5,7,-tetraaza cyclo-octane (TAT) (CAS 41378-98-7);
41. 1,4,5,8 Tetraazadecalin (CAS 5409-42-7);
42. Low (less than 10,000) molecular weight, alcohol-functionalised, poly(epichlorohydrin); poly(epichlorohydrindiol) and triol.
Note 1 The military explosives and fuels containing the metals or alloys listed in ML8.a.1. and ML8.a.2. are controlled whether or not the metals or alloys are encapsulated in aluminium, magnesium, zirconium or beryllium. See also entry 1.C.11. on Dual-Use List.
Note 2 ML 8. does not control boron and boron carbide enriched with boron-10 (20% or more of total boron-10 content).
Note 3 Aircraft fuels controlled by ML 8.d.1. are finished products not their constituents.
Note 4 ML 8. does not control perforators specially designed for oil well logging.
Note 5 ML 8. does not control the following substances when not compounded or mixed with military explosives or powdered metals:
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Note 5 ML 8.
a. Ammonium picrate;b. Black powder;
c. Hexanitrodiphenylamine;
d. Difluoroamine (HNF2);
e. Nitrostarch;
f. Potassium nitrate;
g. Tetranitronaphthalene;
h. Trinitroanisol;
i. Trinitronaphthalene;
j. Trinitroxylene;
k. Fuming nitric acid non-inhibited and not enriched;
l. Acetylene;
m Propane;
n. Liquid oxygen;
o. Hydrogen peroxide in concentrations of less than 85%;
p. Misch metal;
q N-pyrrolidinone; 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone;
r. Dioctylmaleate;
s. Ethylhexylacrylate;
t. Triethylaluminium (TEA), trimethylaluminium (TMA), and other pyrophoric metal alkyls and aryls of lithium, sodium, magnesium, zinc and boron;
u. Nitrocellulose;
v. Nitroglycerin (or glyceroltrinitrate, trinitroglycerine) (NG);
w. 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT);
x. Ethylenediaminedinitrate (EDDN);
y. Pentaerythritoltetranitrate (PETN);
aa. Lead azide, normal and basic lead styphnate, and primary explosives or priming compositions containing azides or azide complexes;
bb. Triethyleneglycoldinitrate (TEGDN);
cc. 2,4,6-trinitroresorcinol (styphnic acid);
dd. Diethyldiphenyl urea; dimethylidiphenyl urea;
methylethyldiphenyl urea [Centralites];
ee. N,N-diphenylurea (unsymmetrical diphenylurea);
ff. Methyl-N,N-diphenylurea (methyl unsymmetrical diphenylurea);
gg. Ethyl-N,N-diphenylurea (ethyl unsymmetrical diphenylurea);
hh. 2-Nitrodiphenylamine (2-NDPA);
ii. 4-Nitrodiphenylamine (4-NDPA);
jj. 2,2-dinitropropanol;
kk. Chlorine trifluoride.
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ML9. Vessels of war, special naval equipment and accessories, as follows, and components therefor, specially designed for military use:
a. Combatant vessels and vessels (surface or underwater) specially designed or modified for offensive or defensive action, whether or not converted to non-military use, regardless of current state of repair or operating condition, and whether or not they contain weapon delivery systems or armour, and hulls or parts of hulls for such vessels;b. Engines, as follows:
1. Diesel engines specially designed for submarines with both of the following characteristics:a. A power output of 1.12 MW (1,500 hp.) or more; andb. A rotary speed of 700 rpm or more;
2. Electric motors specially designed for submarines having all of the following characteristics:
a. A power output of more than 0.75 MW (1,000 hp.);b. Quick reversing;
c. Liquid cooled; and
d. Totally enclosed;
3. Non-magnetic diesel engines specially designed for military use with a power output of 37.3 kW (50 hp.) or more and with a non-magnetic content in excess of 75% of total mass;
c. Underwater detection devices specially designed for military use and controls thereof;
d. Submarine and torpedo nets;
e. Equipment for guidance and navigation specially designed for military use;
f. Hull penetrators and connectors specially designed for military use that enable interaction with equipment external to a vessel;
Note ML9.f. includes connectors for vessels which are of the single-conductor, multi-conductor, coaxial or waveguide type, and hull penetrators for vessels, both of which are capable of remaining impervious to leakage from without and of retaining required characteristics at marine depths exceeding 100 m; and fibre-optic connectors and optical hull penetrators specially designed for "laser" beam transmission regardless of depth. It does not include ordinary propulsive shaft and hydrodynamic control-rod hull penetrators.g. Silent bearings, with gas or magnetic suspension, active signature or vibration suppression controls, and equipment containing those bearings, specially designed for military use.
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ML10. "Aircraft", unmanned airborne vehicles, aero-engines and "aircraft" equipment, related equipment and components, specially designed or modified for military use, as follows:
a. Combat "aircraft" and specially designed components therefor;b. Other "aircraft" specially designed or modified for military use, including military reconnaissance, assault, military training, transporting and airdropping troops or military equipment, logistics support, and specially designed components therefor;
c. Aero-engines specially designed or modified for military use, and specially designed components therefor;
d. Unmanned airborne vehicles, including remotely piloted air vehicles (RPVs), and autonomous, programmable vehicles specially designed or modified for military use and their launchers, ground support and related equipment for command and control;
e. Airborne equipment, including airborne refuelling equipment, specially designed for use with the "aircraft" controlled by ML10.a. or ML10.b. or the aero-engines controlled by ML10.c., and specially designed components therefor;
f. Pressure refuellers, pressure refuelling equipment, equipment specially designed to facilitate operations in confined areas and ground equipment, developed specially for "aircraft" controlled by ML10.a. or ML10.b., or for aero-engines controlled by ML10.c.;
g. Pressurised breathing equipment and partial pressure suits for use in "aircraft", anti-g suits, military crash helmets and protective masks, liquid oxygen converters used for "aircraft" or missiles, and catapults and cartridge actuated devices for emergency escape of personnel from "aircraft";
h. Parachutes used for combat personnel, cargo dropping or "aircraft" deceleration, as follows:
1. Parachutes for:a. Pin point dropping of rangers;b. Dropping of paratroopers;
2. Cargo parachutes;
3. Paragliders, drag parachutes, drogue parachutes for stabilisation and attitude control of dropping bodies, (e.g. recovery capsules, ejection seats, bombs);
4. Drogue parachutes for use with ejection seat systems for deployment and inflation sequence regulation of emergency parachutes;
5. Recovery parachutes for guided missiles, drones or space vehicles;
6. Approach parachutes and landing deceleration parachutes;
7. Other military parachutes;
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ML10.
i. Automatic piloting systems for parachuted loads; equipment specially designed or modified for military use for controlled opening jumps at any height, including oxygen equipment.
Note 1 ML10.b. does not control "aircraft" or variants of those "aircraft" specially designed for military use which:
a. Are not configured for military use and are not fitted with equipment or attachments specially designed or modified for military use; andb. Have been certified for civil use by the civil aviation authority in a participating state.
Note 2 ML10.c. does not control:
a. Aero-engines designed or modified for military use which have been certified by civil aviation authorities in a participating state* for use in "civil aircraft", or specially designed components therefor;b. Reciprocating engines or specially designed components therefor.
Note 3 The control in ML10.b. and ML10.c. on specially designed components and related equipment for non-military "aircraft" or aero-engines modified for military use applies only to those military components and to military related equipment required for the modification to military use.
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ML11. Electronic equipment, not controlled elsewhere on the Munitions List, specially designed for military use and specially designed components therefor.
Note ML11. includes:
a. Electronic countermeasure and electronic counter-countermeasure equipment (i.e., equipment designed to introduce extraneous or erroneous signals into radar or radio communication receivers or otherwise hinder the reception, operation or effectiveness of adversary electronic receivers including their countermeasure equipment), including jamming and counter-jamming equipment;b. Frequency agile tubes;
c. Electronic systems or equipment designed either for surveillance and monitoring of the electro-magnetic spectrum for military intelligence or security purposes or for counteracting such surveillance and monitoring;
d. Underwater countermeasures, including acoustic and magnetic jamming and decoy, equipment designed to introduce extraneous or erroneous signals into sonar receivers;
e. Data processing security equipment, data security equipment and transmission and signalling line security equipment, using ciphering processes;
f. Identification, authentification and keyloader equipment and key management, manufacturing and distribution equipment.
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ML12. High velocity kinetic energy weapon systems and related equipment, as follows, and specially designed components therefor:
a. Kinetic energy weapon systems specially designed for destruction or effecting mission-abort of a target;b. Specially designed test and evaluation facilities and test models, including diagnostic instrumentation and targets, for dynamic testing of kinetic energy projectiles and systems.
N.B. For weapon systems using sub-calibre ammunition or employing solely chemical propulsion, and ammunition therefor, see ML1.to ML4.
Note 1 ML12. includes the following when specially designed for kinetic energy weapon systems:
a. Launch propulsion systems capable of accelerating masses larger than 0.1 g to velocities in excess of 1.6 km/s, in single or rapid fire modes;b. Prime power generation, electric armour, energy storage, thermal management, conditioning, switching or fuel-handling equipment; and electrical interfaces between power supply, gun and other turret electric drive functions;
c. Target acquisition, tracking, fire control or damage assessment systems;
d. Homing seeker, guidance or divert propulsion (lateral acceleration) systems for projectiles.
Note 2 ML12. controls weapon systems using any of the following methods of propulsion:
a. Electromagnetic;b. Electrothermal;
c. Plasma;
d. Light gas; or
e. Chemical (when used in combination with any of the above).
Note 3 ML12. does not control "technology" for magnetic
induction for continuous propulsion of civil transport devices.
ML13. Armoured or protective equipment and constructions and components, as follows:
a. Armoured plate as follows:1. Manufactured to comply with a military standard or specification; or2. Suitable for military use;
b. Constructions of metallic or non-metallic materials or combinations thereof specially designed to provide ballistic protection for military systems;
c. Military helmets;
d. Body armour and flak suits manufactured according to military standards or specifications, or equivalent, and specially designed components therefor.
Note 1 ML 13.b. includes materials specially designed to form explosive reactive armour or to construct military shelters.
Note 2 ML 13.c. does not control conventional steel helmets, neither modified or designed to accept, nor equipped with, any type of accessory device.
Note 3 ML 13.d. does not control individual suits of body armour for personal protection and accessories therefor when accompanying their users .
N.B. See also entry 1.A.5. on the Dual-Use List.
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ML14. Specialised equipment for military training or for simulating military scenarios and specially designed components and accessories therefor.
Technical NoteThe term 'specialised equipment for military training' includes military types of attack trainers, operational flight trainers, radar target trainers, radar target generators, gunnery training devices, anti-submarine warfare trainers, flight simulators (including human-rated centrifuges for pilot/astronaut training), radar trainers, instrument flight trainers, navigation trainers, missile launch trainers, target equipment, drone "aircraft", armament trainers, pilotless "aircraft" trainers and mobile training units.
Note ML14. includes image generating and interactive environment systems for simulators when specially designed or modified for military use.
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ML15. Imaging or countermeasure equipment, as follows, specially designed for military use, and specially designed components and accessories therefor:
a. Recorders and image processing equipment;b. Cameras, photographic equipment and film processing equipment;
c. Image intensifier equipment;
d. Infrared or thermal imaging equipment;
e. Imaging radar sensor equipment;
f. Countermeasure or counter-countermeasure equipment for the equipment controlled by sub-items ML15.a. to ML15.e.
Note ML 15.f. includes equipment designed to degrade the operation or effectiveness of military imaging systems or to minimize such degrading effects.
Note 1 The term 'specially designed components' includes the following when specially designed for military use:
a. Infrared image converter tubes;b. Image intensifier tubes (other than first generation);
c. Microchannel plates;
d. Low-light-level television camera tubes;
e. Detector arrays (including electronic interconnection or read out systems);
f. Pyroelectric television camera tubes;
g. Cooling systems for imaging systems;
h. Electrically triggered shutters of the photochromic or electro-optical type having a shutter speed of less than 100 µs, except in the case of shutters which are an essential part of a high speed camera;
i. Fibre optic image inverters;
j. Compound semiconductor photocathodes.
Note 2 ML 15 does not control "first generation image intensifier tubes".
N.B. See also entries 6.A.2.a.2. and 6.A.2.b. on the Dual-Use List.
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ML16. Forgings, castings and other unfinished products the use of which in a controlled product is identifiable by material composition, geometry or function, and which are specially designed for any products controlled by ML1. to ML4., ML6., ML9., ML10., ML 12. or ML19.
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ML17. Miscellaneous equipment, materials and libraries, as follows, and specially designed components therefor:
a. Self-contained diving and underwater swimming apparatus, as follows:1. Closed or semi-closed circuit (rebreathing) apparatus specially designed for military use (i.e. specially designed to be non magnetic);2. Specially designed components for use in the conversion of open-circuit apparatus to military use;
3. Articles designed exclusively for military use with self-contained diving and underwater swimming apparatus;
b. Construction equipment specially designed for military use;
c. Fittings, coatings and treatments for signature suppression, specially designed for military use;
d. Field engineer equipment specially designed for use in a combat zone;
e. "Robots", "robot" controllers and "robot" "end-effectors", having any of the following characteristics:
1. Specially designed for military use;2. Incorporating means of protecting hydraulic lines against externally induced punctures caused by ballistic fragments (e.g., incorporating self-sealing lines) and designed to use hydraulic fluids with flash points higher than 839 K (566°C); or
3. Specially designed or rated for operating in an electro-magnetic pulse (EMP) environment;
f. Libraries (parametric technical databases) specially designed for military use with equipment controlled by the Munitions List;
g. Nuclear power generating equipment or propulsion equipment, including "nuclear reactors", specially designed for military use and components therefor specially designed or modified for military use;
h. Equipment and material, coated or treated for signature suppression, specially designed for military use, other than those controlled elsewhere in the Munitions List;
i. Simulators specially designed for military "nuclear reactors";
j. Mobile repair shops specially designed to service military equipment;
k. Field generators specially designed for military use; and
l. Containers specially designed for military use.
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ML 17.
Technical NoteFor the purpose of ML17., the term 'library' (parametric technical database) means a collection of technical information of a military nature, reference to which may enhance the performance of military equipment or systems.
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ML18. Equipment and "technology" for the production of products referred to in the Munitions List, as follows:
a. Specially designed or modified production equipment for the production of products controlled by the Munitions List, and specially designed components therefor;b. Specially designed environmental test facilities and specially designed equipment therefor, for the certification, qualification or testing of products controlled by the Munitions List;
c. Specific production "technology", even if the equipment with which such "technology" is to be used is not controlled;
d. "Technology" specific to the design of, the assembly of components into, and the operation, maintenance and repair of, complete production installations even if the components themselves are not controlled.
Note 1 ML 18.a. and ML 18.b. include the following equipment:
a. Continuous nitrators;b. Centrifugal testing apparatus or equipment having any of the following characteristics:
1. Driven by a motor or motors having a total rated horsepower of more than 298 kW (400 hp);
2. Capable of carrying a payload of 113 kg or more; or
3. Capable of exerting a centrifugal acceleration of 8 g or more on a payload of 91 kg or more;
c. Dehydration presses;
d. Screw extruders specially designed or modified for military explosive extrusion;
e. Cutting machines for the sizing of extruded propellants;
f. Sweetie barrels (tumblers) 1.85 m or more in diameter and having over 227 kg product capacity;
g. Continuous mixers for solid propellants;
h. Fluid energy mills for grinding or milling the ingredients of military explosives;
i. Equipment to achieve both sphericity and uniform particle size in metal powder listed in ML 8.a.1.;
j. Convection current converters for the conversion of materials listed in ML 8.a.6.
Technical NoteFor the purposes of ML 18., the term 'production' includes design, examination, manufacture, testing and checking.
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ML 18.
Note 2
a. The term 'products referred to in the Munitions List' includes:1. Products not controlled if inferior to specified concentrations as follows:a. hydrazine (see ML 8.a.18.);b. "Military explosives" (see ML8.);
2. Products not controlled if inferior to technical limits, (i.e., "superconductive" materials not controlled by item 1.C.5.; "superconductive" electromagnets not controlled by item 3A001.e.3; "superconductive" electrical equipment excluded from control under ML20.b.);
3. Metal fuels and oxidants deposited in laminar form from the vapour phase (see ML8.a.2.);
b. The term 'products referred to in the Munitions List' does not include:
1. Signal pistols (see ML2.b.);2. The substances excluded from control under Note 3 to ML7.;
3. Personal radiation monitoring dosimeters (see ML7.f.) and masks for protection against specific industrial hazards, see also Parts 2 and 3 of Defence and Strategic Goods List;
4. Acetylene, propane, liquid oxygen, difluoramine (HNF2), fuming nitric acid and potassium nitrate powder (see Note 5 to ML 8.);
5. Aero-engines excluded from control under ML10.;
6. Conventional steel helmets not equipped with, or modified or designed to accept, any type of accessory device (see Note 2 to ML 13.);
7. Equipment fitted with industrial machinery, which is not controlled such as coating machinery not elsewhere specified and equipment for the casting of plastics;
8. Muskets, rifles and carbines dated earlier than 1938, reproductions of muskets, rifles and carbines dated earlier than 1890, revolvers, pistols and machine guns dated earlier than 1890, and their reproductions;
(Note 2.b.8. of ML18. does not allow the export of "technology" or equipment capable of producing non-antique small arms, even if used to produce reproductions of antique small arms).
Note 3 ML 18.d. does not control "technology" for civil purposes, such as agricultural, pharmaceutical, medical, veterinary, environmental, waste management, or in the food industry (see Note 5 to ML 7.).
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ML19. Directed energy weapon systems (DEW), related or countermeasure equipment and test models, as follows, and specially designed components therefor:
a. "Laser" systems specially designed for destruction or effecting mission-abort of a target;b. Particle beam systems capable of destruction or effecting mission-abort of a target;
c. High power radio-frequency (RF) systems capable of destruction or effecting mission-abort of a target;
d. Equipment specially designed for the detection or identification of, or defence against, systems controlled by ML19.a. to ML19.c.;
e. Physical test models and related test results for the systems, equipment and components controlled by this Item.
Note 1 Directed energy weapon systems controlled by ML19 include systems whose capability is derived from the controlled application of:
a. "Lasers" of sufficient continuous wave or pulsed power to effect destruction similar to the manner of conventional ammunition;b. Particle accelerators which project a charged or neutral particle beam with destructive power;
c. High pulsed power or high average power radio frequency beam transmitters which produce fields sufficiently intense to disable electronic circuitry at a distant target.
Note 2 ML19. includes the following when specially designed for directed energy weapon systems:
a. Prime power generation, energy storage, switching, power conditioning or fuel-handling equipment;b. Target acquisition or tracking systems;
c. Systems capable of assessing target damage, destruction or mission-abort;
d. Beam-handling, propagation or pointing equipment;
e. Equipment with rapid beam slew capability for rapid multiple target operations;
f. Adaptive optics and phase conjugators;
g. Current injectors for negative hydrogen ion beams;
h. "Space qualified" accelerator components;
i. Negative ion beam funnelling equipment;
j. Equipment for controlling and slewing a high energy ion beam;
k. "Space qualified" foils for neutralising negative hydrogen isotope beams.
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ML20. Cryogenic and "superconductive" equipment, as follows, and specially designed components and accessories therefor:
a. Equipment specially designed or configured to be installed in a vehicle for military ground, marine, airborne or space applications, capable of operating while in motion and of producing or maintaining temperatures below 103 K (- 170°C);Note ML20.a. includes mobile systems incorporating or employing accessories or components manufactured from non-metallic or non-electrical conductive materials, such as plastics or epoxy-impregnated materials.b. "Superconductive" electrical equipment (rotating machinery and transformers) specially designed or configured to be installed in a vehicle for military ground, marine, airborne or space applications, capable of operating while in motion.
Note ML20.b. does not control direct-current hybrid homopolar generators that have single-pole normal metal armatures which rotate in a magnetic field produced by superconducting windings, provided those windings are the only superconducting component in the generator.
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ML21. "Software", as follows:
a. "Software" specially designed or modified for the "development", "production" or "use" of equipment or materials controlled by the Munitions List;b. Specific "software", as follows:
1. "Software" specially designed for:a. Modelling, simulation or evaluation of military weapon systems;b. "Development", monitoring, maintenance or up-dating of "software" embedded in military weapon systems;
c. Modelling or simulating military operation scenarios, not controlled by ML14.;
d. Command, Communications, Control and Intelligence (C3I) applications;
2. "Software" for determining the effects of conventional, nuclear, chemical or biological warfare weapons.
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ML22. "Technology" according to the General Technology Note (Munitions List) for the "development", "production" or "use" of items controlled in the Munitions List, other than that "technology" controlled in ML7. and ML18.
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